Amakuru

Kugenzura ubushyuhe ni ikintu gikomeye mu mikorere n’umutekano bya laboratoire ya laboratoire. Kugena ubushyuhe budahuye birashobora gutuma umuntu adakora neza, igabanuka ryibicuruzwa, cyangwa ibihe bishobora guteza akaga. Imashini yimiti yimyenda itanga igisubizo mugutanga neza ubushyuhe bwumuriro binyuze mukuzenguruka cyangwa gukonjesha. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza uburyo bwiza bwo gukomeza kugenzura ubushyuhe bwiza muri reaketi ya jacketi kugirango tunoze imikorere kandi ikore neza.

1. Gusobanukirwa n'akamaro ko kugenzura ubushyuhe
Imiti yimiti yunvikana cyane nubushyuhe butandukanye. Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe muri alaboratoire ya laboratoireiremeza:
• Igipimo gihoraho cyibisubizo: Ubushyuhe buhamye burinda ihindagurika rishobora kugira ingaruka kumuvuduko no gukora neza.
• Kunoza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa: Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe bifasha kugumana ibintu byifuzwa byibicuruzwa byanyuma.
• Gukoresha ingufu: Gukoresha neza no gukonjesha bigabanya gukoresha ingufu nigiciro cyibikorwa.
• Gukora neza: Irinda ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe zishobora guteza umutekano muke.
2. Ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku kugenzura ubushyuhe
Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yubushyuhe muri laboratoire ya laboratoire, harimo:
• Gukwirakwiza Ubushyuhe: Ubwoko nigipimo cyamazi yohereza ubushyuhe bigira ingaruka kuburyo sisitemu yitabira ihinduka ryubushyuhe.
Igishushanyo cy'Ikoti: Ubwoko butandukanye bw'ikoti ya reaktor, nk'urukuta rumwe, rucuramye, cyangwa igice cya pisine, rutanga urwego rutandukanye rwo gukora neza.
• Ubwiza bwokwirinda: Gukwirakwiza neza bigabanya gutakaza ubushyuhe kandi bizamura ubushyuhe.
• Ubwoko bwibisubizo: Endothermic na exothermic reaction bisaba uburyo butandukanye bwo gucunga ubushyuhe.
3. Guhitamo Amazi meza yoherezwa
Guhitamo amazi akwirakwiza ubushyuhe ningirakamaro kugirango igenzure neza ubushyuhe muri laboratoire ya laboratoire. Reba ibintu bikurikira mugihe uhisemo amazi:
• Ubushyuhe bwumuriro: Amazi agomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke nta kwangirika.
• Viscosity: Amazi make-viscosity fluid atanga neza no guhererekanya ubushyuhe.
• Kutagira uburozi: Muri laboratoire, amazi adashobora guteza akaga byongera umutekano no koroshya imikorere.
• Guhuza: Amazi ntagomba kwitwara hamwe nibikoresho biri muri sisitemu ya reaction.
Amazi asanzwe yohereza ubushyuhe arimo amazi, ivangwa rya glycol-amazi, amavuta ya silicone, hamwe namavuta yo guhererekanya ubushyuhe, buri kimwe gifite ibyiza byihariye bitewe nubushyuhe bukenewe.
4. Kunoza uburyo bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha
Kugirango ukomeze kugenzura neza ubushyuhe, sisitemu yo gushyushya no gukonjesha muri laboratoire ya laboratoire igomba gushyirwaho neza. Ingamba zingenzi zirimo:
A. Ukoresheje Kuzenguruka Chiller hamwe nubushyuhe
Ibice bigenzura ubushyuhe (TCUs) bitanga ubushyuhe no gukonjesha bikomeza kuzenguruka amazi binyuze mu ikoti rya reaction. Ibiranga gushakisha muri TCU harimo:
• Igisubizo cyihuse Igihe: Gushoboza guhinduka byihuse kugirango ukomeze ibintu bihamye.
• Ubushyuhe Bwinshi: Bikwiranye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke.
• Igenzura rya porogaramu: Emerera ihinduka ryubushyuhe bwikora bushingiye kubisabwa.
B. Gushyira mu bikorwa Ubushyuhe bwa Cascade
Sisitemu yo kugenzura Cascade ikoresha ibyuma bibiri - imwe kubushyuhe bwa reaktor indi yubushyuhe bwa jacket. Sisitemu ya dual-loop:
• Kugabanya kurasa cyangwa kurasa ubushyuhe bwintego.
• Itanga igisubizo cyihuse kumihindagurikire yubushyuhe.
• Itezimbere muri rusange, cyane cyane kubitekerezo byoroshye.
5. Imyitozo myiza yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwiza
Kugira ngo ubushyuhe bugabanuke muri laboratoire ya laboratoire, kurikiza ubu buryo bwiza:
A. Gukurikirana no Guhindura Sensors Mubisanzwe
Ibyuma byubushyuhe, nka thermocouples na RTDs, bigira uruhare runini mukubungabunga ukuri. Guhinduranya bisanzwe byerekana neza gusoma kandi bikarinda gutandukana mubihe byitwara.
B. Komeza igipimo cyamazi meza
Igipimo kidahagije gishobora gutuma habaho ihererekanyabubasha ridahwitse n’imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe. Menya neza ko sisitemu yo kuzenguruka itanga amazi ahoraho binyuze mu ikoti rya reaction.
C. Gutera ibice bigize reaction
Kwikingira neza bigabanya gutakaza ubushyuhe kandi bikarinda ihindagurika ryubushyuhe bwo hanze butagira ingaruka kumiterere. Ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge byongera ingufu kandi bigahinduka neza.
D. Irinde kubeshya no gupima
Igihe kirenze, ubushyuhe bwohereza ubushyuhe bushobora kwegeranya kubitsa kugabanya imikorere. Gusukura buri gihe amakoti ya reaktor no guhinduranya ubushyuhe birinda gukora nabi kandi bigakomeza imikorere myiza.
E. Koresha igipimo cyagenzuwe
Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe irashobora gutera guhangayikishwa nibice bya reaction kandi bikagira ingaruka kumyitwarire idahwitse. Shyira mu bikorwa igipimo cyo gushyushya no gukonjesha kugirango wirinde guhungabana.

Umwanzuro
Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe muri laboratoire ya laboratoire ni ngombwa kugirango habeho imikorere ihamye, umutekano, ningufu zingirakamaro. Muguhitamo neza amazi yoherejwe, guhuza uburyo bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha, no gukurikiza uburyo bwiza, ababikora nabashakashatsi barashobora kugera kubicunga neza. Gukomeza gukurikirana no kubungabunga bikomeza kongera ubwizerwe, bigatuma reaketi ya jacketi igikoresho cyingirakamaro mugukoresha imiti.

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